基于GAN的通信干扰波形生成技术

现有通信干扰方法, 通常基于通信侦察中获取的目标信号特征进行干扰决策, 选取合适的干扰波形实施干扰, 难以应对目标信号特征未知或参数动态变化的情况。为此, 提出一种基于生成对抗网络(generative adversarial networks, GAN)的通信干扰波形生成技术, 运用GAN直接提取目标信号的潜在特征, 并生成与目标信号特征相似的干扰波形。在介绍GAN原理的基础上, 首先设计网络模型, 并对学习率进行优化, 使GAN更适用于时间序列通信干扰波形的生成。然后通过对不同类型和参数的通信信号进行干扰波形生成实验, 验证了该技术的泛化性。最后进行干扰效果对比试验, 结果表明, GAN生成的干扰波形干扰效果能够逼近最佳干扰效果。     

Improving the photocatalytic activity of graphitic carbon nitride by thermal treatment in a high-pressure hydrogen atmosphere

Extending visible light absorption range and suppressing the recombination of photogenerated charge carriers are always important topics in developing efficient solar-driven photocatalysts. In this study, the thermal treatment process at 400 °C in a high-pressure hydrogen atmosphere was applied to modify graphitic carbon nitride. Compared to the normal atmospheric hydrogen treatment process, this process has the merit of producing nitrogen deficient graphitic carbon nitride in high-yield. The optimal photocatalytic activity of modified graphitic carbon nitride was demonstrated by controlling the treatment duration in the hydrogen atmosphere.The changes in the crystal structure, microstructure and optical properties of carbon nitrides were investigated by several characterizations. The relationship between the photocatalytic activity and structures of graphitic carbon nitride was preliminarily established. The results obtained in this study could provide some new ways of improving the activity of graphitic carbon nitride based photocatalyst.     

Bidirectional Feedback Dynamic Particle Filter with Big Data for the Particle Degeneracy Problem

Particle Filter(PF) is a data assimilation method to solve recursive state estimation problem which does not depend on the assumption of Gaussian noise, and is able to be applied for various systems even with non-linear and non-Gaussian noise. However, while applying PF in dynamic systems, PF undergoes particle degeneracy,sample impoverishment, and problems of high computational complexity. Rapidly developing sensing technologies are providing highly convenient availability of real-time big traffic data from the system under study like never before. Moreover, some sensors can even receive control commands to adjust their monitoring parameters. To address these problems, a bidirectional dynamic data-driven improvement framework for PF(B3 DPF) is proposed.The B3 DPF enhances feedback between the simulation model and the big traffic data collected by the sensors,which means the execution strategies(sensor data management, parameters used in the weight computation,resampling) of B3 DPF can be optimized based on the simulation results and the types and dimensions of traffic data injected into B3 DPF can be adjusted dynamically. The first experiment indicates that the B3 DPF overcomes particle degeneracy and sample impoverishment problems and accurately estimates the state at a faster speed than the normal PF. More importantly, the new method has higher accuracy for multidimensional random systems.In the rest of experiments, the proposed framework is applied to estimate the traffic state on a real road network and obtains satisfactory results. More experiments can be designed to validate the universal properties of B3 DPF.     

针对工艺品设计中复杂曲面重构的数字化设计研究

为解决工艺品设计中复杂曲面的重构问题,以陶瓷小猪为例,利用逆向工程软件对工艺品复杂曲面进行逆向重构及数字化设计,得到相应的数字模型。通过检测对比,重构的数字模型与实物关键表面偏差均在0.08 mm范围以内,大大提高了复杂曲面的产品设计开发能力,缩短了开发周期,提高了生产效率。     

大入射余角CFAR检测器

雷达在大入射余角高分辨率海杂波背景下检测时,等效后向散射面积增大,大部分海杂波能量投射到少数距离单元,能量分布不均,出现功率突然增大的杂波“异常单元”,导致检测器参考窗口所处的背景环境复杂多变,传统检测器检测概率降低,虚警率及误检率增加。为解决此问题,通过参考滑窗单元的协方差矩阵构造正定矩阵,求解其矩阵范数用以估计杂波功率水平,并采用支持向量机改进传统恒虚警率(constant false alarm rate,CFAR)检测器,得到基于正定矩阵杂波功率估计训练支持向量机的改进CFAR检测器。实验结果表明,新检测器在均匀杂波、多目标环境下检测性能稳定,在杂波边缘的虚警控制能力良好。     

大传统与小传统:明清时期鲁西地区的碧霞元君信仰

明清时期鲁西地区是碧霞元君信仰极为盛行的地区,呈现出庙宇数量众多、分布地域广泛等特征.地方官员和士绅对碧霞元君信仰大多持默许和认可态度,并试图借助祀神活动传达官方祭祀理念,进行社会教化.地方官员和士绅关于泰山碧霞元君信仰的不同态度,反映了他们对于地方社会道德秩序的关注,表达了他们试图用官方正统文化去改造民间文化的强烈愿望.相较地方官员和士绅,普通民众崇祀神灵的目的则较为简单,带有显著的世俗性和功利性的特征.在满足其自身信仰需求同时,神灵信仰也起到了增强社会凝聚力、强化地域认同的作用.地方家族也利用重修庙貌、祭祀神灵等手段,实现庙宇与宗族的结合,以此达到增强家族凝聚力和认同感的目的.基于各自不同的目的和需要,官员、士绅和民众共同参与到信仰活动之中,使得信仰在地方社会不断得以延续和传承.     

Most Likely Optimal Subsampled Markov Chain Monte Carlo

Journal of Systems Science and Complexity - Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) requires to evaluate the full data likelihood at different parameter values iteratively and is often computationally...     

云计算图书馆的大数据知识服务研究

梳理了云计算图书馆的大数据知识服务研究现状,概括了其主要特点,并对5G时代云图书馆大数据知识服务进行展望.     

抛物方程非特征柯西问题的分数次Tikhonov方法

讨论了一个不适定的抛物方程的非特征柯西问题,为了解决这个问题,采用了分数次Tikhonov正则化方法,并提出先验和后验两种参数选取规则下的稳定误差估计。     

训练分期理论面临的挑战与未来发展

训练分期理论是运动训练学的经典理论，几乎所有体育项目在训练实践过程中都或多或少地受其影响。作为继马特维也夫之后对训练分期理论的发展最具有影响力的学者，图德·邦帕以其六版著作《训练分期：理论与实践》受到了世界范围内运动训练理论与实践的认可。2018年11月，邦帕教授受邀来华，并在上海与国内学者和教练展开了一次精彩对话。本文一方面再现了与邦帕教授对话的内容，另一方面也在对话的基础上由五位学者分别围绕训练分期理论的理论特征（熊焰）、训练分期理论的实践应用（资薇）、传统分期理论与板块分期理论（于洪军）、现代科技对训练分期理论的推动作用（黎涌明）和训练分期理论的未来发展（陈小平）五个方面展开论述。本文作者一致认为，训练分期理论在得以广泛应用的同时，需要更大程度借鉴多学科基础研究的成果，更大范围运用现代科技的设备和方法，更快速度实现训练经验向训练科学的迈进。